We wish to express our appreciation
to Professor Cora Agatucci of Central Oregon College for the original
design
and links of this page, as well as her commentary and
annotations.
China Maps
& general resources
East
Asia, political
map of China, and
detailed map
of modern China (CUNY-Brooklyn);
Physical
Map of China (Washington
State Univ.), and a larger detailed Map
of China (Univ.
of Maryland) Map:
The Han Empire; Maps
of Asia (Univ.
of Texas, most from the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency): Map:
China in the 6th century; maps of Asia,
of southern
Asia, and
of East
Asia; and more...with links to 26
maps
of China (The Perry-Castañeda
Library Map Collection, Univ. of Texas-Austin), including maps of Taiwan,
Hong
Kong and Macao; Map:
Effects
of Western Imperialism in Qing China.
The
China
WWW Virtual Library: Internet Guide for China Studies
-China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macau,
and Singapore (Hanno Lecher; Dept. of Chinese Studies, Vienna
University;
and Institute of Chinese Studies, Univ. of Heidelberg)
Asian
Studies Development
Program (ASDP) Syllabus
& Bibliography Collection Online: click Resources
on Asia for
College Courses, select a subject area
you'd like to know more about, and browse the topics, reading lists and
bibliographies (Kapiolane Community College, the East-West Center and
the
Univ. of Hawai'i at Manoa)
Chinese
Section: British Library Oriental and India Office Collections
(beautiful images)
Facts
on China
China:
(Dr. Robert Crowley,
Univ. of Illinois-Springfield) links to General
Information, Culture, Economy, Religion and Education, Government, History,
Land and Resources, Politics, Foreign Relations
Chinese
Languages & Writing
The
Human Languages Page: Chinese links (Willamette
Univ.)
From Brooklyn College's Core 9 online
course,
Chinese Culture, taught by Paul Halsall: The
Chinese Language and Writing , The
Chinese
Language and Pronunciation; Pinyin/Wade-Giles
[romanized] Names, and
Chinese
Ethnic Groups
Map of Chinese
Linguistic Groups (Univ.
of Texas-Austin)
Pronunciation
Notes and
A
Brief Chronology of China (Michael D. Gunther, 1997)
Learn
Survival Chinese via auto-tutorial from
Haiwang Yuan & Remy Guo.
Examples
of Chinese Calligraphy by the Masters from
China the Beautiful
Top
of Page
Chinese
History
Chinese
History in General, Council
on East Asian Libraries: including links to timelines, essays,
journals,
special topics
A Good Place to Start: Condensed China: Chinese
History for Beginners (Paul Frankenstein)
See also Timelines
of Asia: China, India, Japan
H-GIG:
World Wide Web Links to History Resources (Dept. of History,
University of California,
Riverside)
Univ.
of Calif./San Diego's Chinese History Research Site
A
Brief Chinese Chronology -
by dynasty (with discussion of the problems with this form of
historical
periodization), by political frameworks, and economic basis
Outlines
of Early Chinese History (by
Li Ung Bing, Eds. Joseph Whiteside of Soochow Univ. and Snow N. Snow),
Image
of Yu
the Great, legendary founder of the Xia (Hsia)
dynasty.
"Yu is best known for his organization of massive dike-building and
irrigation projects to counter the floods which periodically devastated
the north China plain. The authoritarian, highly centralized
bureaucracy
presumably necessary to execute and maintain large-scale irrigation and
flood-control systems has led some scholars to label early China a
"bureaucratic-hydraulic
society." (From Paul Brians' Lecture
20: Zhou (Chou), Qin (Ch'in) & Han Dynasties
History
of China
and
History
Timeline (Univ. of Maryland) with links to essays
and maps of major dynasties and eras.
The
Silk Road,
"The
story of one of the world's oldest and most historically important
trade
routes and its influences on the culture of China, Central Asia and the
West" (Oliver
Wild, 1992), a detailed and readable scholarly article,
including pictures
of the region. Wild states that the "most significant
commodity carried along this route was not silk, but religion. Buddhism
came to China from India this way, along the northern
branch of the route."
"Indian
versus Chinese Attitudes Towards History" and History
of Mathematics:
China
(annotated timeline)100
Celebrated Chinese
Women
(Asiapac)Women
in Chinese History
(a
bibliography from Marilyn Shea, Department of Psychology, Univ. of
Maine
at Farmington)
Qing
Dynasty (1644-1911),
Republican
Era (1912-1949),
and
People's
Republic of China (1949-present) with images (Chinese History
Library, Robert
Gray, Univ.of Michigan)
Chinese Cultureclass-by-class
modules
- scroll
down Chinese
Culture (Brooklyn
College online the list and check out the (links to all the picture
files available on great WWW course links!). Understanding
Culture
Chinese
Culture: Links to Other
Sites for Students...
Chinese
Cultural Studies: Bibliographical
Guide
Exploring
Ancient World Cultures: China, Univ. of Evansville's
initiative to
"produce a college-level textbook on the World-Wide Web that is
available
to everyone free of charge,"
The
Homosexual Tradition in China: Selections from Chinese Homosexual
Literature
The
Mandate of Heaven
- Selections from the Shu Jing (The Classic of History) (c.
6th Century BCE)
Images: Chinese
culture: Images
Brooklyn
College Chinese Culture Web site; The
Great Wall of China
(image), Emperor
Huangdi
(image), Picture
of Confucius
(image) Archeological
Excavations at Qin tomb site,
Lines
of Soldier Statues at tomb of the "First Emperor" at Xian ; Founder
of the Han Dynasty;
The
Grand Canal (ca
1904. photo); Tang
era lady
(art);
Song
era
poet
(art)
and Song
era bird painting;
Images of Silk
making,
Chinese
Use of Paper,
Earliest
Printed Book (868 CE),
and
Chinese
Use of Tea.
Images of Genghis
Khan,
Kublai
Khan, and statue
of a Yuan era actor;
Ming
Dynasty vase
(image
in color), 14th century Chinese
Canon,
Jesuit
missionary Matthew Ricci, and Peking
Dragon Throne.
Photo of young
eunuch exposing the effects of castration and a
young woman with bound feet.
Luxun
Lu Hsun, Selections from His Writing, and a photo:
"Like other writers
of the May Fourth Movement, Luxun saw China's
old society as rotten and corrupt. Only after a radical reform, he
felt,
would the Chinese be able to realize their human potential " (From
Introd. to Alfred Craig et al, The Heritage of World Civilizations,
2d ed. [New York; Macmillan, 1990], p. 889). Photos
of Chairman Mao Zedong,
Deng
Xiaoping,
and the The
Goddess of Democracy in Tienanmen Square.
Top
of Page
Ban Zhao
Pan Chao, Lessons
for A Woman: The Views of A Female Confucian (c. 80 CE)
Selection
of Chinese
Poems,
with introductory notes,[see also Paul Brians' Lecture
22: Chinese Poetry,
Washington
State Univ.; and China the Beautiful's Chinese Poetry
" by some of
the greatest Chinese poets of all times."); Modern
Marriage
in China - Two Texts
Lin
Tse-Hsu's "Letter of Advice to Queen Victoria" (1839 CE)
"was written
before the outbreak of the Opium Wars. It was a remarkably frank
document,
especially given the usual highly stylized language of Chinese
diplomacy.
There remains some question whether Queen Victoria ever read the
letter."
See also Chinese
View of an 18th century English Sailor
Image
of Opium Smokers,
and
Map:
Effects of Western Imperialism
in Qing China,
late 19th
century.
Visit Yuan
Ming Yuan,
imperial garden of the Qing emperors: "In 1709,
emperor KangXi named the Yuan Ming Yuan himself
and bestowed it on his son, emperor YongZheng. In traditional
Chinese and the Confucius philosophy, Yuan (circle)
means the doctrine of the mean; Ming (bright) means wisdom
and insight. KangXi used this name to encourage the new emperor to
follow
Confucian philosophy and have a wise insight into state
affairs." Though destroyed in 1860, the Garden
of Centered Wisdom has been re-created by Lifeng Wang and
Chih-An Chen, for your virtual pleasure.
Golden Legacy
(Chinese Historical and Cultural
Project, in partnership with San Jose Historical Museum), designed...to
complement the California State Social Studies Framework, with links to
3 sample lesson plans numbered below. Other topics include:
Immigration, Chinatown, Survival (employment in railroad construction,
mining
and agriculture), Daily Life, Traditions, Education, and Lasting Legacy.
1. Bound
Feet: "In the tenth century
in China, a prince began the practice of foot binding because he loved
the
small 'lily feet' of his concubine. Thus traditional Chinese values for
over 1000 years dictated that the feet of young girls should be bound
to
keep them small. 'Lily feet', as they were called, were thought to be
very
dainty and beautiful and a symbol of gentility and high-class. Although
the term sounded harmless, it was really very cruel. It began when a
girl
was between three and eleven years old...." (See picture,
article "Those
Doll-Sized Feet...,"
by Jane Kam Pang [scroll down], and bibliography.)
2. Abacus,
background with examples
of
numbers done on the abacus, abacus
pattern, and links to worksheets.
3. Lunar
Calendar, background: "The Chinese
Lunar Calendar is a yearly calendar like the western calendar, except
that
the start of the lunar year is based on the cycles of the moon....In
traditional
China, dating methods were cyclical, meaning that the years repeat
according
to a pattern. The repetition is in increments of twelve years. The
Chinese
Lunar Calendar goes further and names one of twelve
animals [see diagram
and worksheet]
as a symbol for each year....[One]
Chinese legend explains that all the animals of the world were invited
to
come and visit Buddha. Only twelve came. In order to reward these
animals
for their loyalty, Buddha named a year after each one in the order they
appeared before him."
Top
of Page
Chinese
Religion & Philosophy
General:
Chinese
Philosophy Page
. Philosophy
and Religion in China.
Comparative
Religion &
Religious Studies
links (Mike
Madin, new educational directory Academic Info). Exploring Religions
(Professor Paul Flesher, Univ.
of Wyoming), including Buddhism,
Hinduism
and Islam.
From the Ontario Consultants
on Religious Tolerance: Religious
& Sacred
Texts, including links to the Analects,
Taoist, and Zen texts.
From Richard Hooker's
World
Cultures ("an
internet classroom and anthology"):China
Glossary, including The
Five Classics,
Confucius,
jen,
Tao,Taoism,
yin/yang,
the
one and the
many (tai
chi), Neo-Confucianism,
and t'ien,
and T'ien
ming, or "The
Mandate of Heaven"
(Washington
State Univ.). A Sample from World
Cultures - Taoism:
The Yi Ching (I Ching): The I
Ching (Book of Changes)
on the Net.
See I
Ching sites.
Yi
Ching
I Ching:
[Classic Book of Changes] creating and reading hexagrams
Yin
and Yang in Medical Theory
(trans.
Mark Coyle); see also
Yin-Yang
symbol
Confucianism:
Analects
of Confucius,
Great
Learning, Doctrine
of the Mean,
Mencius
(Selections),
The
Catholic Encyclopedia's Confucianism
(by Charles F. Aiken, electronic rpt. 1996).
Confucius
Page, with biography, teachings,
images, and bibliography ("'Confucius' comes from Kong Fu
Zi, roughly 'Our Master Kong' -- the form of address his disciples
would
have used.") Kong
Fu Zi --
Confucius,
with links
to electronic texts. Writings of
Confucius - KongZi [Kung Tze] (China the Beautiful) Confucius
(Keith Ammann): "Superior
and alone, Confucius stood/Who taught that useful science -- to be
good."--Alexander
Pope
Daoism
(Taoism):
Tao
Te Ching. For 20 more translations of
the Tao Te Ching, see Taoism
Depot. See also, The
Taoism Information
Page.
Chad
Hansen's Chinese Philosophy* Page
(*Daoist-oriented interpretations). Images of
Laotzu,
3
Daoist
Purities, and Wen-ch'ang,
Daoist God of Literature.
The
Tao and Its Name,
by Stanley
Rosenthal (Shi-tien Roshi), British School of Zen Taoism, Cardiff,
September
1984. .Tao
Te Ching sites
(Yahoo)
Laozi
(Lao
Tan or Li Erh )
Buddhism:
Asian
Traditions:
Buddhism.
Buddhist
Studies WWW Virtual
Library. Buddhism
for Beginners
(Jeff
Hooks, St. Petersburg Junior College). Introduction
to Buddhism,
"rough
guide to...basic Buddhist teachings" of Theravada ("school
of the elders") tradition.. Journal of Buddhist
Ethics (Penn State University/Goldsmiths
College [London], USA/UK). "The
Gospel of Buddha"
(Buddha,
ca. 500 BCE); Buddha's First
Sermon - The Middle Path
(c. 6th
Century BCE); the Dhammapada
(trans John Richards, 1993), an anthology of
423 Buddhist verses from The Theravada Pali Canon (Khuddaka
Nikaya) embodying Buddhist ethical and spiritual precepts;
and "The
True Nature of the
Buddha" from The Lotus Sutra, "one of the best-loved sacred
texts
of Mahayana Buddhism," the original Sanskrit
text "translated many times into Chinese (the earliest
being in 225 CE), as well as into Tibetan and other languages." The
passage linked is a "key one for the development of the idea of the
cosmic form of the Buddha. Note that 'Tathagata' "(which
means 'Thus Gone,' ie, having achieved Nirvana) is one
of the titles of Buddha." See also image of the Bodhidharma,
founder of Ch'an Buddhism,
and Peter N. Gregory's essay on Doctrinal
classification (p'an-chiao), which
"has often been said to be the hallmark of Chinese Buddhism."
The
Buddhist-Confucian Conflict in the Early Choson and Kihwa's Syncretic
Response:
The Hyon chong non
(paper
by A. Charles Muller, Toyo Gakuen Univ., presented at the Annual
Meeting
of the American Academy of Religion, Chicago, Nov 20, 1994). Buddhist
Studies and the Arts
with many useful links (hosted
by Randall R. Scott, B.S., M.Div., M.A. Research Associate in Buddhist
Studies
and Classics, Washington University in St. Louis; & The Doyle
Gallery)
Top
of Page
Chinese
Arts
World
Art Treasures: China
(Photos: Jacques-Edouard Berger, 1994)Timelines
of Art History (Michael D. Gunther, 1997) offers "selective
resources on the art history of ancient and non-Western civilizations"
including China, India, and Japan, but also more. See
China
Resources; and follow links for history,
images, and texts of Early
China: Prehistoric
to Western Zhou (3000-771 BC)
and
China:
Qin, Han (221 BC - 589 AD)
Introduction
to Asian Art
(Prof.
Katheryn M. Linduff, Dept. of Art History, Univ. of Pittsburgh) will
yield
rich cultural backgrounds on China, India, and Japan, if
one follows with patience the frames of the illustrated course notes.
Many
riches await those who browse Asian
Arts, an
on-line journal "for the study and exhibition of the arts of Asia,"
with virtual galleries
and illustrated article
abstracts.
Buddhist
Studies and the Arts
with many useful links (hosted
by Randall R. Scott, B.S., M.Div., M.A. Research Associate in Buddhist
Studies
and Classics, Washington University in St. Louis; & The Doyle
Gallery)
The Splendors
of Imperial China: Treasures from the National Palace Museum, Taipei.
( http://www.asianart.com/splendors/index.html)
"An unsurpassed survey
of Chinese art treasures from one of the greatest collections in the
world...on
view at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. from January 27
to April 6, 1997. Heralded by scholars and critics as the greatest
exhibition
of Chinese art ever presented in America, the exhibition spans over
4.000
years of Chinese history and features nearly 350 of the finest and most
famous works from the National Palace Museum, Taipei."
Asian
Art Museum of San Francisco
claims
to be the largest museum in the western world devoted to the arts and
cultures
of Asia, with permanent collections representing over 40 Asian
countries
spanning 6,000 years of history. See exhibitions
and follow links to special exhibits like
Splendors
Of Imperial China:
Treasures From The National Palace Museum, Taipei; 1997:
the Chinese Year of the Ox,
or tour
Mongolia:
The Legacy of Chinggis Khan.
Exhibition of Chinese
textiles from the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, "Heavens'
Embroidered Cloths: One Thousand Years of Chinese Textiles"
http://www.asianart.com/textiles/textile.html),
held at the Hong Kong Museum
of Art and jointly organised by the Oriental Ceramic Society of Hong
Kong
and the Urban Council.
The
Art of China (Remy Rong Guo, a Ph.D. student at Purdue Univ.,
with cross-section of images of Chinese "visual
art,
crafts, music, cooking, calligraphy
and other modes of expression,
from a wide range of time periods," as well as sections on the zodiac
(based on a twelve year cycle
--- each year being represented by an animal), Chinese scenery, and
"brief
tours of the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, and the Imperial Gardens)
China
the Beautiful,
featuring Classical Chinese Art, Calligraphy, Poetry, History,
Literature,
Painting and Philosophy
Top
of Page
Chinese
Literature
General: For course
materials using Chinese literature see Asian Studies
Development Program
(ASDP)
Syllabus & Bibliography Collection Online. Resources
on
Asia for College Courses: Literature, with reading lists and
bibliographies, provided
by the Kapiolane Community College, the East-West Center and the Univ.
of
Hawai'i at Manoa. Chinese
Literature (Council on East Asian Libraries).
Chinese
Literature links
(Yahoo).
Chinese texts online http://acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu/%7Ephalsall/texts.html
Wonder Tales: Tales
of Wonder: Tales from China
(Richard Darsie, UC Davis) These tales are taken from the following
sources:
The Rainbow People, Laurence Yep ; illustrated by David Wiesner.
New York: Harper & Row, 1989; Dragon Tales: A Collection of
Chinese
Stories. Beijing: Chinese Literature Press, 1988; and The Jeweled
Sea: A Book of Chinese Fairy Tales, edited by Hartwell James with
illustrations
by John R. Neill. Henry Altemus Company, Philadelphia, 1906. 1.The
Four Dragons; 2.The Bright Pearl; 3.Natural Enemies; 4.We Are All One;
5.The
Superior Pet; 6.The Jeweled Sea The Legend of
the White Snake
with
12 Yangliuqing woodcut paintings (from China the Beautiful);
see also Story
of the White Snake,
as performed in Beijing Opera.
Poetry: Chinese
Poetry By Various Authors
(Richard Darsie, UC Davis), including Selected Poems by T'ao
Ch'ien (AD 365?-427?), Li Po (AD
701-762), and Han Yü
(AD 768-824)
Glossary
of Poetic Terms
(Robert
G. Shubinski, 1996, 1997). Glossary of
Poetic Terms (Robert G. Shubinski, 1996, 1997).
Fu
Xuan's "Woman" (ca. 3rd Century CE)
from Arthur Waley, Chinese Poems,
(New York: 1946), pp 84-85, repr in Albert M. Craig, et al, The
Heritage
of World Civilizations, 2d ed., (New York: Macmillan, 1990), p. 217.
"Chinese civilization has often been considered one of the least
favorable
toward women, yet their problems are largely common from culture to
culture.
At least a number of Chinese women were able to articulate their plight
in poems that came to be considered classics. Here the theme of
distance
is used throughout the poem to emphasize the emotional isolation that
is
women's lot" (from Selected Chinese
Poetry).
How sad it is to be a woman!!
Nothing on earth is held so cheap.
Boy stand leaning at the door
Like Gods fallen out of Heaven.
Their hearts brave the Four Oceans,
The wind and dust of a thousand miles.
No one is glad when a girl is born:
By her the family sets no store.
When she grows up, she hides in her room
Afraid to look at a man in the face.
No one cries when she leaves her home --
Sudden as clouds when the rain stops.
She bows her head and composes her face,
Her teeth are pressed on her red lips:
She bows and kneels countless times.
She must humble herself even to the servants.
His love is distant as the stars in Heaven,
Yet the sunflower bends towards the sun.
Their hearts are more sundered than water and fire--
A hundred evils are heaped upon her.
Her face will follow the years changes:
Her lord will find new pleasures.
They that were once like the substance and shadow
Are now as far from Hu as from Ch'in [two distant places]
Yet Hu and Ch'in shall sooner meet
That they whose parting is like Ts'an and Ch'en [two stars]
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of Page
Novels and Major Works:
China the Beautiful's Classical
Chinese Novels Dream of Red Chamber (in Chinese), Journey to
the
West, Legend of White Snake, Tale of Water Margin, Three Kingdoms,
Strange Tales of Liaozhai, Chin Pin Mei (with some links to English
translations). Hsi
Yu Chi (The Journey
to the West)
- a tribute to Wu Ch'eng-en's classic Chinese fantasy novel (Thomas
Nguyen, Geocities 1997).
See also Introduction
to Wu Ch'Eng-en's Monkey
(Jeff
Hooks, St. Petersburg Junior College) Romance
of Three Kingdoms
- full
text of the novel by Luo Guanzhong (ca. 1300-1400),
trans. C. H. Brewitt-Taylor.
Sun
Tzu's [circa 400-320 B.C.]
treatise on the Art of War.
"Writing
for Success:
Printing, Examinations, and Intellectual Change in Late Ming China,"
by
Kai-wing Chow (Late Imperial China 17.1 [ June 1996], one of Project
Muse's excellent sample Journal Articles Online).
Chinese and Asian American
Literature Chinese-American
Culture and Literature;
Asian
American Literature
(University
Libraries at USC); Asian-American
Literature
Page
(students at George Court College) Perceiving
A
Culture Through Its Literature: Korea as an Example (Elgin
Heinz and Kathy Jerome)
- After
Seventeen Years,
by Kim Yong Ik (From Asian-Pacific Literature, Vol. 2, eds. James
and Cheryl Harstad, Honolulu, HI: Department of Education, State of
Hawaii,
1981).
Theater
& Performance Arts
Bejing Opera
or Peking Opera (Xu-Ming Wang, Syracus Univ.),
with links to 1.Roles
in Beijing Opera; 2.Music and Musical Instrument
(not ready yet); 3.Arias,
Dialogues and Speeches; 4. Face Paintings; 5. Costume
(not ready yet); 6. Stage Property (not ready yet); 7. Famous
Actors and Actresses
("The theatrical or musical occupation was considered the lowest class
in the society. Opera performance used to be a male dominated
profession.
Mixed performance was prohibited. All the roles were played by male.
Most
of the actors entered the Training School as apprentices in their
childhood
because their parents could not feed them. They had to absolutely obey
the
commands of the school master and teachers....Director Chen Kai-Ge's
film Farewell my Concubine gives a picture of the situation");
8.Beijing Opera Amateurs and Fans; (not ready yet) 9.Opera
Stories;
and 10. Influence of Other Entertainment. Jingjü
(the name suggested by Chinese scholars) is a "comprehensive
performing art....combin[ing] so many forms. It is a grand opera,
ballet,
an acrobatic show, and a historical play. It is actually not an opera
like
that in the west, where arias are the main and perhaps the only
feature."
Second
Troupe of Peking Opera
House of Beijing: see costumes
and stage
properties,
musical
instruments
Paper-cut
Art --- Beijing Opera Masks (Dr. Puqi Tang)
Film
Chinese
Cinema: Scholarly
Works and Articles in English (Shao-yi Sun, a Ph.D student,
Dept.
of East Asian Languages and Cultures, & MA student, School of
Cinema-Television,
Univ. of Southern California): See Articles
on China's Fifth
Generation
(images and bibliography)
Movies
Addressing Chinese History and Culture, with annotations. http://acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu/~phalsall/chinbib.html
From
The
Internet Movie Database Tour:
Country
Browser: China
Yellow
Earth (Huang
Tu Di, China, 1984), dir. Chen Kaige,
with cinematography
by Zhang Yimou. Farewell
My Concubine (Ba Wang Bie Ji,
China / Hong Kong, 1993), dir. Chen Kaige
(b. 1952, Beijing,
China). Farewell My Concubine is based on the novel
by Lillian
Lee.
For
a listing
of other Chinese films dealing with the Cultural Revolution, click
here.
Red Sorghum
(Hong gao liang,
China, 1987), dir. Zhang
Yimou. Both Chen
Kaige and Zhang Yimou attended the Beijing Film Academy,
Beijing, China. Red Sorghum is based on the
novel by Mo
Yan.
To Live
(Huozhe, China
/ Hong Kong, 1994), dir. Zhang
Yimou, (b. 1950, Xi'an, Shaanxi,
China), Bin Wang and Xleochun Zhang. Based on the novel
by Yu Hua.
Gong
Li (b.
1965) - Actress Filmography. While still a student at the Central Drama
Academy in Beijing (from which she graduated in 1989), Gong Li was
cast as the female lead in Red Sorghum (1987),
the initial directing effort by Zhang Yi-mou. China's best-known
actress in the West, she was named Best Actress at the 49th Venice
International
Film Festival for her role in The Story
of Qiu Ju (Qiu Ju da guan si, China/Hong
Kong, 1992; dir. Zhang Yimou). She also
earned the New York Film Critics award for Farewell My Concubine
(1993). Gong Li made a series of successful films
with Zhang Yi-mou, a collaboration that apparently ended
with the breakup of their personal relationship in 1995.
See also
Univ. of Penn
Library Film Studies
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