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China
Information
Guiyang City |
外文名称: GUIYANG CITY
(Guizhou Province)
Geography
Guiyang, the capital of
Guizhou Province, is located in the central part of Guizhou at a point
between 106 degrees and 107 degrees east longitude, and between 26
degrees and 27 degrees north latitude. The city lies in a basin at
1,071 meters (3,514 feet) on the Nanming River and is surrounded by
mountains.
With a total area of 8,034 sq
km, the city administers Yunyan, Nanming, Huaxi, Wudang and
Baiyun districts, Qingzhen City and Xiuwen, Xifeng and Kaiyang counties
with a total population of 3.06 million. Guiyang City has a population
of nearly 1 million, with Han people accounting for 87 percent and
ethnic minorities, 13 percent. It has 38 ethnic groups including Han,
Miao, Bouyei, Hui and Dong. Guiyang has a complex landforms with the
highest altitude reaching 1,702 meters above sea level and the lowest
only 506 meters.
It belongs to humid and
mild sub-tropical climate with an annual temperature averaging 15
degrees centigrade, an annual precipitation of 1,200 millimeters, and
having 270 frost-free days a year.
Natural
Resources
Guiyang is rich in
minerals, energy and tourism resources. It has 109,500 hectares of
farmland, 145,200 hectares of grassy hills and mountain
slopes, and 112,600 hectares of forests with a tree coverage of over
20%. It has more than 2,400 wild plant species, 800
cultivated plant species and 170 herbal plant species. It
also has more than 200 wild animals including 13 rare ones.
Guiyang
has verified 30 minerals, of which the
reserves of bauxite are estimated at 280 million tons, phosphate rock
at 405 million tons, and coal at 895 million tons. Guiyang has a total
generating capacity of 2.47 million kilowatts, and its potential water
power amounts to one million kilowatts. Its beautiful scenery and
colorful ethnic minority customs and habits have helped the city to
offer a unique tour from the Dragon Palace to Huangguoshu Waterfall,
the revolutionary and historic city of Zunyi, the Fanjing Mountain
Nature Reserve, the Shijin Cave and the Baili Dujuanlin.
Economic
Development
Guiyang is a
central open city of the hinterland of Guizhou. In 1995, its
gross domestic product (GDP) reached 14.911 billion yuan averaging
4,879 yuan per capita. The added value of the primary,
secondary and tertiary industries was 1.732 billion yuan, 8.061 billion
yuan and 5.117 billion yuan, respectively. The city's
industry has 14 sectors in 65 categories ranging from machinery,
chemicals, metallurgy, food processing and electronics to the light
industry and textiles.
Industry
Guiyang is now a key
aluminum industrial production center, an export-oriented abrasive and
grinding apparatus production center, a drilling steel research and an
export-oriented production center, and a precision optical instrument
and meters production center in China.
The Guiyang Cigarette Factory, Guizhou Aluminum
Plant and Guizhou Tire Plant have joined the rank of the top 500
enterprises in the country in terms of economic strength.
Guiyang is Guizhou's largest commodity market and goods
distribution center. Its market is flourishing. Its
export-oriented economy and foreign trade grow steadily, and tourism
expands rapidly. Progress has been made in banking and
insurance business, and the local financial sector has been
strengthened.
Locally-mined
coal and hydroelectricity form the basis of Guiyang's power industry.
Its aluminum plant mines, smelts and processes local bauxite.
Chemicals, fertilizers and plastics are also produced. Local cotton and
synthetic yarn is woven and there is a growing garment trade.
Paper is made from timber cut in the province. Various machinery is
being produced with iron and steel; large corporations are
manufacturing diggers, trucks, tractors and small buses. Automobiles
will become very important in the future. Processing of food and
liquors including Maotai, cement and building materials, the recent
hi-tech industries such as electronic precision instruments and optics
are all contributing to the industrial development of this expanding
city.
The Guiyang High-tech
Industrial Development Zone, the provincial Guiyang Economic
and Technology Development Zone and the Baiyun Economic Development
Zone have taken shape. The establishment of a number of
high-tech national defense military industrial enterprises and
foreign-funded businesses has greatly enhanced Guiyang's overall
economic strength and its development potential.
Adhering to the principle of "relying on the city,
bringing prosperity to rural areas, and urban and rural areas joining
hands in developing together," Guiyang has strengthened farmland
capital construction while carrying out "basket project",
"greening project", and the harvest plan to boost farm, forestry,
animal husbandry, sideline production and fishery and rural industry.
Infrastructure
Construction
In
recent years, Guiyang has widened and transformed 14 trunk roads and 80
streets and lanes. It has built a number of high-grade
highways including the eastern exit road, southwest round-the-city
road, Huaxi Road and Guiyang-Huangguoshu and Guiyang-Zunyi
highways. Guiyang is a key transport hub in southwest China,
where the Hunan-Guizhou, Sichuan-Guizhou, Yunnan-Guizhou and
Guangxi-Guizhou electrified railways meet
.
Its southern railway station is the
largest railway marshaling yard in the southwest region. With a
marshaling capacity of 8,000, it handles 1.5 million tons of cargo a
year, and has built an international container storage yard.
Guiyang has more than 20 air routes
linking the city to other cities in the country and to Hong
Kong. It will soon open international air routes to Tokyo and
Bangkok. The Guiyang Airport is situated at Huaxi, a two hours' drive
from the city proper.
The
city has 263,800-line urban program control telephone switching system,
and its paging and mobile telephone services have more than 100,000
customers.
The city's
electricity production rose at an annual rate of 10% during the 1991-95
period, its urban supply of tap water was 530,000 tons a day, averaging
190 liters per capita. Now 96% of urban households have
access to tap water, and 60% of families to cooking gas. The
green coverage rate is 34.19% averaging 13.01 square meters of public
green space per capita. Major roads, parks, playgrounds and
the city are surrounded by trees and lawns.
Promising
Prospects
With the deepening of the reform
and
opening wider to the outside world, Guiyang built three development
zones between the late 1980s and the early 1990s. At present,
these zones have taken the lead in the city's economic growth and
piloting.
Since the State Council approved Guiyang as a
hinterland open city that enjoys the same policy granted to the coastal
cities, Guiyang has met the requirements of the State Council and the
Guizhou provincial government, and exercised the given power to pursued
the concrete preferential policy governing taxation, customs, the use
of land, enterprise self-management, the market of products and
capital, and the management of foreign exchanges and exit and
entrance. It also offers a package service for overseas
business people.
Speciality
Guizhou is a treasure house of
handicrafts. It has a wide variety of products at the hotel
shops in Guiyang, the Cultural Relics Store, the Nationalities
Department Store and the overseas Chinese Friendship Store.
Batik:
the Miao and Bouyei are very skilled in the
craft of batik. Local artists, inspired by traditional ethnic designs,
have produced an interesting range of modern batik wall hangings.
Yuping
flute: made in east Guizhou, is known
throughout China for its quality and has won international awards.
Traditional
Miao and Bouyei Embroidery and
Jewelry: Outstanding examples of embroidery and full
costumes are
available in Guiyang. Copies of traditional silver jewelry in base
metal make interesting gifts and souvenirs.
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